Discover the Aquitanian Stage (23.03–20.44 Ma) and explore the earliest division of the Miocene Epoch, marked by global climate cooling, tectonic activity, and major mammalian evolution. Defined at the Lemme-Carrosio GSSP in Italy’s Rigoroso Formation, it records rich marine and terrestrial fossils from foraminifera to early deer, rodents, and primates. Named after France’s Aquitaine Basin, the Aquitanian reveals critical insights into Neogene ecosystems, faunal migrations, a